Index: /trunk/psphot/doc/stack.txt
===================================================================
--- /trunk/psphot/doc/stack.txt	(revision 27847)
+++ /trunk/psphot/doc/stack.txt	(revision 27848)
@@ -1,2 +1,12 @@
+
+20100503:
+
+  psphotStack : outline
+
+  * load N images
+  * make chisq detection image
+  * detect sources on all (N+1) images
+  * convolve N input images (to match, to target)
+  * measure source properties on convolved images
 
 20100126:
@@ -4,8 +14,4 @@
   * watch out for psphotSetMomentsWindow & MOMENTS_SX_MAX,etc
   * watch out for psphotSignificanceImage.c:,psphotEfficiency using the FWHM_MAJ from psphotChoosePSF
-    * ppSimDetections.c : SIGMA_SMOOTH
-ppSmooth/src/ppSmoothReadout.c:    psMetadataAddF32(recipe, PS_LIST_TAIL, "EFFECTIVE_AREA", PS_META_REPLACE, "Effective Area", effArea);
-ppSmooth/src/ppSmoothReadout.c:    psMetadataAddF32(recipe, PS_LIST_TAIL, "SIGNIFICANCE_SCALE_FACTOR", PS_META_REPLACE, "Signicance scale factor", factor);
-
 
 20100120 : more stack processing mods:
Index: /trunk/psphot/src/psphotStackImageLoop.c
===================================================================
--- /trunk/psphot/src/psphotStackImageLoop.c	(revision 27847)
+++ /trunk/psphot/src/psphotStackImageLoop.c	(revision 27848)
@@ -41,7 +41,16 @@
                 if (! readout->data_exists) { continue; }
 
+# if (0)		
+		// uncomment to generate matched psfs
+		if (!psphotStackMatchPSFs (config, view)) {
+                    psError(psErrorCodeLast(), false, "failure in psphotStackMatchPSFs for chip %d, cell %d, readout %d\n", view->chip, view->cell, view->readout);
+                    psFree (view);
+                    return false;
+		}
+# endif
+
 		// XXX for now, we assume there is only a single chip in the PHU:
 		if (!psphotStackReadout (config, view)) {
-                    psError(psErrorCodeLast(), false, "failure in psphotReadout for chip %d, cell %d, readout %d\n", view->chip, view->cell, view->readout);
+                    psError(psErrorCodeLast(), false, "failure in psphotStackReadout for chip %d, cell %d, readout %d\n", view->chip, view->cell, view->readout);
                     psFree (view);
                     return false;
Index: /trunk/psphot/src/psphotStackMatchPSFs.c
===================================================================
--- /trunk/psphot/src/psphotStackMatchPSFs.c	(revision 27848)
+++ /trunk/psphot/src/psphotStackMatchPSFs.c	(revision 27848)
@@ -0,0 +1,705 @@
+# include "psphotInternal.h"
+
+bool psphotStackMatchPSFs (pmConfig *config, const pmFPAview *view, bool firstPass)
+{
+    bool status = true;
+
+    // select the appropriate recipe information
+    psMetadata *recipe  = psMetadataLookupPtr (&status, config->recipes, PSPHOT_RECIPE);
+    psAssert (recipe, "missing recipe?");
+
+    int num = psMetadataLookupS32 (&status, config->arguments, "PSPHOT.INPUT.NUM");
+    psAssert (status, "programming error: must define PSPHOT.INPUT.NUM");
+
+    // loop over the available readouts
+    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+	if (!psphotStackMatchPSFsReadout (config, view, i, recipe)) {
+            psError (PSPHOT_ERR_CONFIG, false, "failed to find initial detections for PSPHOT.INPUT entry %d", i);
+	    return false;
+	}
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// convolve the image to match desired PSF
+bool psphotStackMatchPSFsReadout (pmConfig *config, const pmFPAview *view, const char *filename, int index, psMetadata *recipe) {
+
+    bool status;
+    int pass;
+    float NSIGMA_PEAK = 25.0;
+    int NMAX = 0;
+
+    Raw;
+    Cnv;
+
+    // find the currently selected readout
+    pmFPAfile *fileRaw = pmFPAfileSelectSingle(config->files, "PSPHOT.INPUT", index); // File of interest
+    psAssert (fileRaw, "missing file?");
+
+    pmFPAfile *fileCnv = pmFPAfileSelectSingle(config->files, "PSPHOT.INPUT.CONV", index); // File of interest
+    psAssert (fileCnv, "missing file?");
+
+    pmReadout *readoutRaw = pmFPAviewThisReadout(view, fileRaw->fpa);
+    psAssert (readoutRaw, "missing readout?");
+
+    pmReadout *readoutCnv = pmFPAviewThisReadout(view, fileCnv->fpa);
+    psAssert (readoutCnv, "missing readout?");
+
+    // user-defined masks to test for good/bad pixels (build from recipe list if not yet set)
+    psImageMaskType maskVal = psMetadataLookupImageMask(&status, recipe, "MASK.PSPHOT"); // Mask value for bad pixels
+    psAssert (maskVal, "missing mask value?");
+
+    psphotStackMatch();
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+#define ARRAY_BUFFER 16                 // Number to add to array at a time
+#define MAG_IGNORE 50                   // Ignore magnitudes fainter than this --- they're not real!
+#define FAKE_SIZE 1                     // Size of fake convolution kernel
+#define SOURCE_MASK (PM_SOURCE_MODE_FAIL | PM_SOURCE_MODE_DEFECT | PM_SOURCE_MODE_SATURATED | \
+                     PM_SOURCE_MODE_CR_LIMIT | PM_SOURCE_MODE_EXT_LIMIT) // Mask to apply to input sources
+#define NOISE_FRACTION 0.01             // Set minimum flux to this fraction of noise
+#define COVAR_FRAC 0.01                 // Truncation fraction for covariance matrix
+
+// #define TESTING                         // Enable debugging output
+
+#ifdef TESTING
+// Read a FITS image
+static bool readImage(psImage **target, // Target for image
+                      const char *name, // Name of FITS file
+                      const pmConfig *config // Configuration
+    )
+{
+    psString resolved = pmConfigConvertFilename(name, config, false, false); // Resolved filename
+    psFits *fits = psFitsOpen(resolved, "r");
+    psFree(resolved);
+    if (!fits) {
+        psError(PPSTACK_ERR_IO, false, "Unable to open previously produced image: %s", name);
+        return false;
+    }
+    psImage *image = psFitsReadImage(fits, psRegionSet(0,0,0,0), 0); // Image of interest
+    if (!image) {
+        psError(PPSTACK_ERR_IO, false, "Unable to read previously produced image: %s", name);
+        psFitsClose(fits);
+        return false;
+    }
+    psFitsClose(fits);
+
+    psFree(*target);
+    *target = image;
+
+    return true;
+}
+#endif
+
+// Get coordinates from a source
+static void coordsFromSource(float *x, float *y, const pmSource *source)
+{
+    assert(x && y);
+    assert(source);
+
+    if (source->modelPSF) {
+        *x = source->modelPSF->params->data.F32[PM_PAR_XPOS];
+        *y = source->modelPSF->params->data.F32[PM_PAR_YPOS];
+    } else {
+        *x = source->peak->xf;
+        *y = source->peak->yf;
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+static psArray *stackSourcesFilter(psArray *sources, // Source list to filter
+                                   int exclusion // Exclusion zone, pixels
+    )
+{
+    psAssert(sources && sources->n > 0, "Require array of sources");
+    if (exclusion <= 0) {
+        return psMemIncrRefCounter(sources);
+    }
+
+    int num = sources->n;               // Number of sources
+    psVector *x = psVectorAlloc(num, PS_TYPE_F32), *y = psVectorAlloc(num, PS_TYPE_F32); // Coordinates
+    int numGood = 0;                    // Number of good sources
+    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+        pmSource *source = sources->data[i]; // Source of interest
+        if (!source) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        coordsFromSource(&x->data.F32[numGood], &y->data.F32[numGood], source);
+        numGood++;
+    }
+    x->n = y->n = numGood;
+
+    psTree *tree = psTreePlant(2, 2, PS_TREE_EUCLIDEAN, x, y); // kd tree
+
+    psArray *filtered = psArrayAllocEmpty(numGood); // Filtered list of sources
+    psVector *coords = psVectorAlloc(2, PS_TYPE_F64); // Coordinates of source
+    int numFiltered = 0;                // Number of filtered sources
+    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+        pmSource *source = sources->data[i]; // Source of interest
+        if (!source) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        float xSource, ySource;         // Coordinates of source
+        coordsFromSource(&xSource, &ySource, source);
+
+        coords->data.F64[0] = xSource;
+        coords->data.F64[1] = ySource;
+
+        long numWithin = psTreeWithin(tree, coords, exclusion); // Number within exclusion zone
+        psTrace("ppStack", 9, "Source at %.0lf,%.0lf has %ld sources in exclusion zone",
+                coords->data.F64[0], coords->data.F64[1], numWithin);
+        if (numWithin == 1) {
+            // Only itself inside the exclusion zone
+            filtered = psArrayAdd(filtered, filtered->n, source);
+        } else {
+            numFiltered++;
+        }
+    }
+    psFree(coords);
+    psFree(tree);
+    psFree(x);
+    psFree(y);
+
+    psLogMsg("ppStack", PS_LOG_INFO, "Filtered out %d of %d sources", numFiltered, numGood);
+
+    return filtered;
+}
+
+// Add background into the fake image
+// Based on ppSubBackground()
+static psImage *stackBackgroundModel(pmReadout *ro, // Readout for which to generate background model
+                                     const pmConfig *config // Configuration
+    )
+{
+    psAssert(ro && ro->image, "Need readout image");
+    psAssert(config, "Need configuration");
+
+    psImage *image = ro->image;         // Image of interest
+    int numCols = image->numCols, numRows = image->numRows; // Size of image
+
+    psMetadata *ppStackRecipe = psMetadataLookupPtr(NULL, config->recipes, PPSTACK_RECIPE);
+    psAssert(ppStackRecipe, "Need PPSTACK recipe");
+    psMetadata *psphotRecipe = psMetadataLookupPtr(NULL, config->recipes, PSPHOT_RECIPE);
+    psAssert(psphotRecipe, "Need PSPHOT recipe");
+
+    psString maskBadStr = psMetadataLookupStr(NULL, ppStackRecipe, "MASK.BAD");// Name of bits to mask for bad
+    psMaskType maskBad = pmConfigMaskGet(maskBadStr, config); // Bits to mask for bad pixels
+
+    // user-defined masks to test for good/bad pixels (build from recipe list if not yet set)
+    psMetadataAddU8(psphotRecipe, PS_LIST_TAIL, "MASK.PSPHOT", PS_META_REPLACE, "user-defined mask", maskBad);
+
+    psImage *binned = psphotModelBackgroundReadoutNoFile(ro, config); // Binned background model
+    psImageBinning *binning = psMetadataLookupPtr(NULL, ro->analysis,
+                                                  "PSPHOT.BACKGROUND.BINNING"); // Binning for model
+    psAssert(binning, "Need binning parameters");
+    psImage *unbinned = psImageAlloc(numCols, numRows, PS_TYPE_F32); // Unbinned background model
+    if (!psImageUnbin(unbinned, binned, binning)) {
+        psError(PPSTACK_ERR_DATA, false, "Unable to unbin background model");
+        psFree(binned);
+        psFree(unbinned);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    psFree(binned);
+
+    return unbinned;
+}
+
+// Renormalise a readout's variance map
+bool stackRenormaliseReadout(const pmConfig *config, // Configuration
+                             pmReadout *readout      // Readout to renormalise
+    )
+{
+#if 1
+    bool mdok; // Status of metadata lookups
+
+    psMetadata *recipe = psMetadataLookupPtr(NULL, config->recipes, PPSTACK_RECIPE); // Recipe for ppStack
+    psAssert(recipe, "Need PPSTACK recipe");
+
+    if (!psMetadataLookupBool(&mdok, recipe, "RENORM")) return true;
+
+    int num = psMetadataLookupS32(&mdok, recipe, "RENORM.NUM");
+    if (!mdok) {
+        psError(PPSTACK_ERR_CONFIG, true, "RENORM.NUM is not set in the recipe");
+        return false;
+    }
+    float minValid = psMetadataLookupF32(&mdok, recipe, "RENORM.MIN");
+    if (!mdok) {
+        psError(PPSTACK_ERR_CONFIG, true, "RENORM.MIN is not set in the recipe");
+        return false;
+    }
+    float maxValid = psMetadataLookupF32(&mdok, recipe, "RENORM.MAX");
+    if (!mdok) {
+        psError(PPSTACK_ERR_CONFIG, true, "RENORM.MAX is not set in the recipe");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    psImageMaskType maskBad = pmConfigMaskGet("BLANK", config); // Bits to mask
+
+    psImageCovarianceTransfer(readout->variance, readout->covariance);
+    return pmReadoutVarianceRenormalise(readout, maskBad, num, minValid, maxValid);
+#else
+    return true;
+#endif
+}
+
+bool ppStackMatch(pmReadout *readout, ppStackOptions *options, int index, const pmConfig *config)
+{
+    assert(readout);
+    assert(options);
+    assert(config);
+
+    psMetadata *recipe = psMetadataLookupMetadata(NULL, config->recipes, PPSTACK_RECIPE); // ppStack recipe
+    psAssert(recipe, "We've thrown an error on this before.");
+
+    float deconvLimit = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, recipe, "DECONV.LIMIT"); // Limit on deconvolution fraction
+
+    // Look up appropriate values from the ppSub recipe
+    psMetadata *ppsub = psMetadataLookupMetadata(NULL, config->recipes, "PPSUB"); // PPSUB recipe
+    int size = psMetadataLookupS32(NULL, ppsub, "KERNEL.SIZE"); // Kernel half-size
+
+    psString maskValStr = psMetadataLookupStr(NULL, ppsub, "MASK.VAL"); // Name of bits to mask going in
+    psImageMaskType maskVal = pmConfigMaskGet(maskValStr, config); // Bits to mask going in to pmSubtractionMatch
+    psString maskPoorStr = psMetadataLookupStr(NULL, recipe, "MASK.POOR"); // Name of bits to mask for poor
+    psImageMaskType maskPoor = pmConfigMaskGet(maskPoorStr, config); // Bits to mask for poor pixels
+    psString maskBadStr = psMetadataLookupStr(NULL, recipe, "MASK.BAD"); // Name of bits to mask for bad
+    psImageMaskType maskBad = pmConfigMaskGet(maskBadStr, config); // Bits to mask for bad pixels
+
+    bool mdok;                          // Status of MD lookup
+    float penalty = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "PENALTY"); // Penalty for wideness
+    int threads = psMetadataLookupS32(NULL, config->arguments, "-threads"); // Number of threads
+
+    if (!pmReadoutMaskNonfinite(readout, maskVal)) {
+        psError(psErrorCodeLast(), false, "Unable to mask non-finite pixels in readout.");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Match the PSF
+    if (options->convolve) {
+        pmReadout *conv = pmReadoutAlloc(NULL); // Conv readout, for holding results temporarily
+#ifdef TESTING
+        // This is a hack to use the temporary convolved images and kernel generated previously.
+        // This makes the 'matching' operation much faster, allowing debugging of the stack process easier.
+        // It implicitly assumes the output root name is the same between invocations.
+
+        // Read previously produced kernel
+        if (psMetadataLookupBool(NULL, config->arguments, "PPSTACK.DEBUG.STACK")) {
+            pmFPAfile *file = pmFPAfileSelectSingle(config->files, "PPSTACK.CONV.KERNEL", index);
+            psAssert(file, "Require file");
+
+            pmFPAview *view = pmFPAviewAlloc(0); // View to readout of interest
+            view->chip = view->cell = view->readout = 0;
+            psString filename = pmFPAfileNameFromRule(file->filerule, file, view); // Filename of interest
+
+            // Read convolution kernel
+            psString resolved = pmConfigConvertFilename(filename, config, false, false); // Resolved filename
+            psFree(filename);
+            psFits *fits = psFitsOpen(resolved, "r"); // FITS file for subtraction kernel
+            psFree(resolved);
+            if (!fits || !pmReadoutReadSubtractionKernels(conv, fits)) {
+                psError(PPSTACK_ERR_IO, false, "Unable to read previously produced kernel");
+                psFitsClose(fits);
+                return false;
+            }
+            psFitsClose(fits);
+
+            if (!readImage(&readout->image, options->convImages->data[index], config) ||
+                !readImage(&readout->mask, options->convMasks->data[index], config) ||
+                !readImage(&readout->variance, options->convVariances->data[index], config)) {
+                psError(PPSTACK_ERR_IO, false, "Unable to read previously produced image.");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            psRegion *region = psMetadataLookupPtr(NULL, conv->analysis,
+                                                   PM_SUBTRACTION_ANALYSIS_REGION); // Convolution region
+            pmSubtractionKernels *kernels = psMetadataLookupPtr(NULL, conv->analysis,
+                                                                PM_SUBTRACTION_ANALYSIS_KERNEL);
+
+            pmSubtractionAnalysis(conv->analysis, NULL, kernels, region,
+                                  readout->image->numCols, readout->image->numRows);
+
+            psKernel *kernel = pmSubtractionKernel(kernels, 0.0, 0.0, false); // Convolution kernel
+            bool oldThreads = psImageCovarianceSetThreads(true);              // Old thread setting
+            psKernel *covar = psImageCovarianceCalculate(kernel, readout->covariance); // Covariance matrix
+            psImageCovarianceSetThreads(oldThreads);
+            psFree(readout->covariance);
+            readout->covariance = covar;
+            psFree(kernel);
+        } else {
+#endif
+
+            // Normal operations here
+            psAssert(options->psf, "Require target PSF");
+            psAssert(options->sourceLists && options->sourceLists->data[index], "Require source list");
+
+            int order = psMetadataLookupS32(NULL, ppsub, "SPATIAL.ORDER"); // Spatial polynomial order
+            float regionSize = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "REGION.SIZE"); // Size of iso-kernel regs
+            float spacing = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "STAMP.SPACING"); // Typical stamp spacing
+            int footprint = psMetadataLookupS32(NULL, ppsub, "STAMP.FOOTPRINT"); // Stamp half-size
+            float threshold = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "STAMP.THRESHOLD"); // Threshold for stmps
+            int stride = psMetadataLookupS32(NULL, ppsub, "STRIDE"); // Size of convolution patches
+            int iter = psMetadataLookupS32(NULL, ppsub, "ITER"); // Rejection iterations
+            float rej = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "REJ"); // Rejection threshold
+            float kernelError = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "KERNEL.ERR"); // Relative systematic error in kernel
+            float normFrac = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "NORM.FRAC"); // Fraction of window for normalisn windw
+            float sysError = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "SYS.ERR"); // Relative systematic error in images
+            float skyErr = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "SKY.ERR"); // Additional error in sky
+            float covarFrac = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "COVAR.FRAC"); // Fraction for covariance calculation
+
+            const char *typeStr = psMetadataLookupStr(NULL, ppsub, "KERNEL.TYPE"); // Kernel type
+            pmSubtractionKernelsType type = pmSubtractionKernelsTypeFromString(typeStr); // Kernel type
+            psVector *widths = psMetadataLookupPtr(NULL, ppsub, "ISIS.WIDTHS"); // ISIS Gaussian widths
+            psVector *orders = psMetadataLookupPtr(NULL, ppsub, "ISIS.ORDERS"); // ISIS Polynomial orders
+            int inner = psMetadataLookupS32(NULL, ppsub, "INNER"); // Inner radius
+            int ringsOrder = psMetadataLookupS32(NULL, ppsub, "RINGS.ORDER"); // RINGS polynomial order
+            int binning = psMetadataLookupS32(NULL, ppsub, "SPAM.BINNING"); // Binning for SPAM kernel
+            float badFrac = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "BADFRAC"); // Maximum bad fraction
+            bool optimum = psMetadataLookupBool(&mdok, ppsub, "OPTIMUM"); // Derive optimum parameters?
+            float optMin = psMetadataLookupF32(&mdok, ppsub, "OPTIMUM.MIN"); // Minimum width for search
+            float optMax = psMetadataLookupF32(&mdok, ppsub, "OPTIMUM.MAX"); // Maximum width for search
+            float optStep = psMetadataLookupF32(&mdok, ppsub, "OPTIMUM.STEP"); // Step for search
+            float optThresh = psMetadataLookupF32(&mdok, ppsub, "OPTIMUM.TOL"); // Tolerance for search
+            int optOrder = psMetadataLookupS32(&mdok, ppsub, "OPTIMUM.ORDER"); // Order for search
+            float poorFrac = psMetadataLookupF32(&mdok, ppsub, "POOR.FRACTION"); // Fraction for "poor"
+
+            bool scale = psMetadataLookupBool(NULL, ppsub, "SCALE");        // Scale kernel parameters?
+            float scaleRef = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "SCALE.REF"); // Reference for scaling
+            float scaleMin = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "SCALE.MIN"); // Minimum for scaling
+            float scaleMax = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, ppsub, "SCALE.MAX"); // Maximum for scaling
+            if (!isfinite(scaleRef) || !isfinite(scaleMin) || !isfinite(scaleMax)) {
+                psError(PPSTACK_ERR_CONFIG, false,
+                        "Scale parameters (SCALE.REF=%f, SCALE.MIN=%f, SCALE.MAX=%f) not set in PPSUB recipe.",
+                        scaleRef, scaleMin, scaleMax);
+                return false;
+            }
+
+
+            // These values are specified specifically for stacking
+            const char *stampsName = psMetadataLookupStr(NULL, config->arguments, "STAMPS");// Stamps filename
+
+            psVector *optWidths = NULL;         // Vector with FWHMs for optimum search
+            if (optimum) {
+                optWidths = psVectorCreate(optWidths, optMin, optMax, optStep, PS_TYPE_F32);
+            }
+
+            pmReadout *fake = pmReadoutAlloc(NULL); // Fake readout with target PSF
+
+            psStats *bg = psStatsAlloc(PS_STAT_ROBUST_STDEV); // Statistics for background
+            psRandom *rng = psRandomAlloc(PS_RANDOM_TAUS); // Random number generator
+            if (!psImageBackground(bg, NULL, readout->image, readout->mask, maskVal | maskBad, rng)) {
+                psError(PPSTACK_ERR_DATA, false, "Can't measure background for image.");
+                psFree(fake);
+                psFree(optWidths);
+                psFree(conv);
+                psFree(bg);
+                psFree(rng);
+                return false;
+            }
+            float minFlux = NOISE_FRACTION * bg->robustStdev; // Minimum flux level for fake image
+            psFree(rng);
+            psFree(bg);
+
+            // For the sake of stamps, remove nearby sources
+            psArray *stampSources = stackSourcesFilter(options->sourceLists->data[index],
+                                                       footprint); // Filtered list of sources
+
+            bool oldThreads = pmReadoutFakeThreads(true); // Old threading state
+            if (!pmReadoutFakeFromSources(fake, readout->image->numCols, readout->image->numRows,
+                                          stampSources, SOURCE_MASK, NULL, NULL, options->psf,
+                                          minFlux, footprint + size, false, true)) {
+                psError(PPSTACK_ERR_DATA, false, "Unable to generate fake image with target PSF.");
+                psFree(fake);
+                psFree(optWidths);
+                psFree(conv);
+                return false;
+            }
+            pmReadoutFakeThreads(oldThreads);
+
+            fake->mask = psImageCopy(NULL, readout->mask, PS_TYPE_IMAGE_MASK);
+
+#if 1
+            // Add the background into the target image
+            psImage *bgImage = stackBackgroundModel(readout, config); // Image of background
+            psBinaryOp(fake->image, fake->image, "+", bgImage);
+            psFree(bgImage);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef TESTING
+            {
+                pmHDU *hdu = pmHDUFromCell(readout->parent);
+                psString name = NULL;
+                psStringAppend(&name, "fake_%03d.fits", index);
+                pmStackVisualPlotTestImage(fake->image, name);
+                psFits *fits = psFitsOpen(name, "w");
+                psFree(name);
+                psFitsWriteImage(fits, hdu->header, fake->image, 0, NULL);
+                psFitsClose(fits);
+            }
+            {
+                pmHDU *hdu = pmHDUFromCell(readout->parent);
+                psString name = NULL;
+                psStringAppend(&name, "real_%03d.fits", index);
+                pmStackVisualPlotTestImage(readout->image, name);
+                psFits *fits = psFitsOpen(name, "w");
+                psFree(name);
+                psFitsWriteImage(fits, hdu->header, readout->image, 0, NULL);
+                psFitsClose(fits);
+            }
+#endif
+
+            if (threads > 0) {
+                pmSubtractionThreadsInit();
+            }
+
+            // Do the image matching
+            pmSubtractionKernels *kernel = psMetadataLookupPtr(&mdok, readout->analysis,
+                                                               PM_SUBTRACTION_ANALYSIS_KERNEL); // Conv kernel
+            if (kernel) {
+                if (!pmSubtractionMatchPrecalc(NULL, conv, fake, readout, readout->analysis,
+                                               stride, kernelError, covarFrac, maskVal, maskBad, maskPoor,
+                                               poorFrac, badFrac)) {
+                    psError(psErrorCodeLast(), false, "Unable to convolve images.");
+                    psFree(fake);
+                    psFree(optWidths);
+                    psFree(stampSources);
+                    psFree(conv);
+                    if (threads > 0) {
+                        pmSubtractionThreadsFinalize();
+                    }
+                    return false;
+                }
+            } else {
+                // Scale the input parameters
+                psVector *widthsCopy = psVectorCopy(NULL, widths, PS_TYPE_F32); // Copy of kernel widths
+                if (scale && !pmSubtractionParamsScale(&size, &footprint, widthsCopy,
+                                                       options->inputSeeing->data.F32[index],
+                                                       options->targetSeeing, scaleRef, scaleMin, scaleMax)) {
+                    psError(psErrorCodeLast(), false, "Unable to scale kernel parameters");
+                    psFree(fake);
+                    psFree(optWidths);
+                    psFree(stampSources);
+                    psFree(conv);
+                    psFree(widthsCopy);
+                    if (threads > 0) {
+                        pmSubtractionThreadsFinalize();
+                    }
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                if (!pmSubtractionMatch(NULL, conv, fake, readout, footprint, stride, regionSize, spacing,
+                                        threshold, stampSources, stampsName, type, size, order, widthsCopy,
+                                        orders, inner, ringsOrder, binning, penalty,
+                                        optimum, optWidths, optOrder, optThresh, iter, rej, normFrac,
+                                        sysError, skyErr, kernelError, covarFrac, maskVal, maskBad, maskPoor,
+                                        poorFrac, badFrac, PM_SUBTRACTION_MODE_2)) {
+                    psError(psErrorCodeLast(), false, "Unable to match images.");
+                    psFree(fake);
+                    psFree(optWidths);
+                    psFree(stampSources);
+                    psFree(conv);
+                    psFree(widthsCopy);
+                    if (threads > 0) {
+                        pmSubtractionThreadsFinalize();
+                    }
+                    return false;
+                }
+                psFree(widthsCopy);
+            }
+
+
+#ifdef TESTING
+            {
+                pmHDU *hdu = pmHDUFromCell(readout->parent);
+                psString name = NULL;
+                psStringAppend(&name, "conv_%03d.fits", index);
+                pmStackVisualPlotTestImage(conv->image, name);
+                psFits *fits = psFitsOpen(name, "w");
+                psFree(name);
+                psFitsWriteImage(fits, hdu->header, conv->image, 0, NULL);
+                psFitsClose(fits);
+            }
+            {
+                pmHDU *hdu = pmHDUFromCell(readout->parent);
+                psString name = NULL;
+                psStringAppend(&name, "diff_%03d.fits", index);
+                pmStackVisualPlotTestImage(fake->image, name);
+                psFits *fits = psFitsOpen(name, "w");
+                psFree(name);
+                psBinaryOp(fake->image, conv->image, "-", fake->image);
+                psFitsWriteImage(fits, hdu->header, fake->image, 0, NULL);
+                psFitsClose(fits);
+            }
+#endif
+
+            psFree(fake);
+            psFree(optWidths);
+            psFree(stampSources);
+
+            if (threads > 0) {
+                pmSubtractionThreadsFinalize();
+            }
+
+            // Replace original images with convolved
+            psFree(readout->image);
+            psFree(readout->mask);
+            psFree(readout->variance);
+            psFree(readout->covariance);
+            readout->image  = psMemIncrRefCounter(conv->image);
+            readout->mask   = psMemIncrRefCounter(conv->mask);
+            readout->variance = psMemIncrRefCounter(conv->variance);
+            readout->covariance = psImageCovarianceTruncate(conv->covariance, COVAR_FRAC);
+#ifdef TESTING
+        }
+#endif
+
+        // Extract the regions and solutions used in the image matching
+        // This stops them from being freed when we iterate back up the FPA
+        psArray *regions = options->regions->data[index] = psArrayAllocEmpty(ARRAY_BUFFER); // Match regions
+        {
+            psString regex = NULL;          // Regular expression
+            psStringAppend(&regex, "^%s$", PM_SUBTRACTION_ANALYSIS_REGION);
+            psMetadataIterator *iter = psMetadataIteratorAlloc(conv->analysis, PS_LIST_HEAD, regex);
+            psFree(regex);
+            psMetadataItem *item = NULL;// Item from iteration
+            while ((item = psMetadataGetAndIncrement(iter))) {
+                assert(item->type == PS_DATA_REGION);
+                regions = psArrayAdd(regions, ARRAY_BUFFER, item->data.V);
+            }
+            psFree(iter);
+        }
+        psArray *kernels = options->kernels->data[index] = psArrayAllocEmpty(ARRAY_BUFFER); // Match kernels
+        {
+            psString regex = NULL;          // Regular expression
+            psStringAppend(&regex, "^%s$", PM_SUBTRACTION_ANALYSIS_KERNEL);
+            psMetadataIterator *iter = psMetadataIteratorAlloc(conv->analysis, PS_LIST_HEAD, regex);
+            psFree(regex);
+            psMetadataItem *item = NULL;// Item from iteration
+            while ((item = psMetadataGetAndIncrement(iter))) {
+                assert(item->type == PS_DATA_UNKNOWN);
+                pmSubtractionKernels *kernel = item->data.V; // Kernel used in subtraction
+                kernels = psArrayAdd(kernels, ARRAY_BUFFER, kernel);
+            }
+            psFree(iter);
+        }
+        psAssert((regions)->n == (kernels)->n, "Number of match regions and kernels should match");
+
+        // Record chi^2
+        {
+            double sum = 0.0;           // Sum of chi^2
+            int num = 0;                // Number of measurements of chi^2
+            psString regex = NULL;      // Regular expression
+            psStringAppend(&regex, "^%s$", PM_SUBTRACTION_ANALYSIS_KERNEL);
+            psMetadataIterator *iter = psMetadataIteratorAlloc(conv->analysis, PS_LIST_HEAD, regex);
+            psFree(regex);
+            psMetadataItem *item = NULL;// Item from iteration
+            while ((item = psMetadataGetAndIncrement(iter))) {
+                assert(item->type == PS_DATA_UNKNOWN);
+                pmSubtractionKernels *kernels = item->data.V; // Convolution kernels
+                sum += kernels->mean;
+                num++;
+            }
+            psFree(iter);
+            options->matchChi2->data.F32[index] = sum / (psImageCovarianceFactor(readout->covariance) * num);
+        }
+
+        // Kernel normalisation
+        {
+            double sum = 0.0;           // Sum of chi^2
+            int num = 0;                // Number of measurements of chi^2
+            psString regex = NULL;      // Regular expression
+            psStringAppend(&regex, "^%s$", PM_SUBTRACTION_ANALYSIS_NORM);
+            psMetadataIterator *iter = psMetadataIteratorAlloc(conv->analysis, PS_LIST_HEAD, regex);
+            psFree(regex);
+            psMetadataItem *item = NULL;// Item from iteration
+            while ((item = psMetadataGetAndIncrement(iter))) {
+                assert(item->type == PS_TYPE_F32);
+                float norm = item->data.F32; // Normalisation
+                sum += norm;
+                num++;
+            }
+            psFree(iter);
+            float conv = sum/num;       // Mean normalisation from convolution
+            float stars = powf(10.0, -0.4 * options->norm->data.F32[index]); // Normalisation from stars
+            float renorm =  stars / conv; // Renormalisation to apply
+            psLogMsg("ppStack", PS_LOG_INFO, "Renormalising image %d by %f (kernel: %f, stars: %f)\n",
+                     index, renorm, conv, stars);
+            psBinaryOp(readout->image, readout->image, "*", psScalarAlloc(renorm, PS_TYPE_F32));
+            psBinaryOp(readout->variance, readout->variance, "*", psScalarAlloc(PS_SQR(renorm), PS_TYPE_F32));
+        }
+
+        // Reject image completely if the maximum deconvolution fraction exceeds the limit
+        float deconv = psMetadataLookupF32(NULL, conv->analysis,
+                                           PM_SUBTRACTION_ANALYSIS_DECONV_MAX); // Max deconvolution fraction
+        if (deconv > deconvLimit) {
+            psWarning("Maximum deconvolution fraction (%f) exceeds limit (%f) --- rejecting image %d\n",
+                      deconv, deconvLimit, index);
+            psFree(conv);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        readout->analysis = psMetadataCopy(readout->analysis, conv->analysis);
+
+        psFree(conv);
+    } else {
+        // Match the normalisation
+        float norm = powf(10.0, -0.4 * options->norm->data.F32[index]); // Normalisation
+        psBinaryOp(readout->image, readout->image, "*", psScalarAlloc(norm, PS_TYPE_F32));
+        psBinaryOp(readout->variance, readout->variance, "*", psScalarAlloc(PS_SQR(norm), PS_TYPE_F32));
+    }
+
+    // Ensure the background value is zero
+    psStats *bg = psStatsAlloc(PS_STAT_ROBUST_MEDIAN | PS_STAT_ROBUST_STDEV); // Statistics for background
+    psRandom *rng = psRandomAlloc(PS_RANDOM_TAUS); // Random number generator
+    if (!psImageBackground(bg, NULL, readout->image, readout->mask, maskVal | maskBad, rng)) {
+        psWarning("Can't measure background for image.");
+        psErrorClear();
+    } else {
+        if (!psMetadataLookupBool(NULL, config->arguments, "PPSTACK.SKIP.BG.SUB")) {
+            psLogMsg("ppStack", PS_LOG_INFO, "Correcting convolved image background by %lf (+/- %lf)",
+                     psStatsGetValue(bg, PS_STAT_ROBUST_MEDIAN), psStatsGetValue(bg, PS_STAT_ROBUST_STDEV));
+            (void)psBinaryOp(readout->image, readout->image, "-",
+                             psScalarAlloc(psStatsGetValue(bg, PS_STAT_ROBUST_MEDIAN), PS_TYPE_F32));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!stackRenormaliseReadout(config, readout)) {
+        psFree(rng);
+        psFree(bg);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Measure the variance level for the weighting
+    if (psMetadataLookupBool(NULL, recipe, "WEIGHTS")) {
+        if (!psImageBackground(bg, NULL, readout->variance, readout->mask, maskVal | maskBad, rng)) {
+            psError(PPSTACK_ERR_DATA, false, "Can't measure mean variance for image.");
+            psFree(rng);
+            psFree(bg);
+            return false;
+        }
+        options->weightings->data.F32[index] = 1.0 / (psStatsGetValue(bg, PS_STAT_ROBUST_MEDIAN) *
+                                                      psImageCovarianceFactor(readout->covariance));
+    } else {
+        options->weightings->data.F32[index] = 1.0;
+    }
+    psLogMsg("ppStack", PS_LOG_INFO, "Weighting for image %d is %f\n",
+             index, options->weightings->data.F32[index]);
+
+    psFree(rng);
+    psFree(bg);
+
+#ifdef TESTING
+    {
+        pmHDU *hdu = pmHDUFromCell(readout->parent);
+        psString name = NULL;
+        psStringAppend(&name, "convolved_%03d.fits", index);
+        pmStackVisualPlotTestImage(readout->image, name);
+        psFits *fits = psFitsOpen(name, "w");
+        psFree(name);
+        psFitsWriteImage(fits, hdu->header, readout->image, 0, NULL);
+        psFitsClose(fits);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return true;
+}
