Changeset 39875 for trunk/doc/release.2015/ps1.calibration/calibration.tex
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trunk/doc/release.2015/ps1.calibration/calibration.tex
r39868 r39875 179 179 The wide-field \PSONE\ telescope consists of a 1.8~meter diameter 180 180 $f$/4.4 primary mirror with an 0.9~m secondary, producing a 3.3 degree 181 field of view \citep{2004SPIE.5489..667H}. The optical design yields low 182 distortion and minimal vignetting even at the edges of the illuminated 183 region. The optics, in combination with the natural seeing, result in 184 generally good image quality: the median image quality for the 3$\pi$ 185 survey is FWHM = (1.31, 1.19, 1.11, 1.07, 1.02) arcseconds for 186 (\grizy), with a floor of $\sim0.7$ arcseconds. The \PSONE\ camera 187 \citep{PS1.GPCA} is a mosaic of 60 edge-abutted $4800\times4800$ pixel 188 back-illuminated CCID58 Orthogonal Transfer Arrays manufactured by 189 Lincoln Laboratory \citep{2006amos.confE..47T,2008SPIE.7021E..05T}. 190 The CCDs have 10~$\mu$m pixels subtending 0.258~arcsec and are 191 70$\mu$m thick. The detectors are read out using a StarGrasp CCD 192 controller, with a readout time of 7 seconds for a full unbinned image 181 field of view \citep{2004SPIE.5489..667H}. The optical design yields 182 low distortion and minimal vignetting even at the edges of the 183 illuminated region. The optics, in combination with the natural 184 seeing, result in generally good image quality: the median image 185 quality for the 3$\pi$ survey is FWHM = (1.31, 1.19, 1.11, 1.07, 1.02) 186 arcseconds for (\grizy), with a floor of $\sim0.7$ arcseconds. The 187 \PSONE\ camera \citep{2009amos.confE..40T} is a mosaic of 60 188 edge-abutted $4800\times4800$ pixel back-illuminated CCID58 Orthogonal 189 Transfer Arrays manufactured by Lincoln Laboratory 190 \citep{2006amos.confE..47T,2008SPIE.7021E..05T}. The CCDs have 191 10~$\mu$m pixels subtending 0.258~arcsec and are 70$\mu$m thick. The 192 detectors are read out using a StarGrasp CCD controller, with a 193 readout time of 7 seconds for a full unbinned image 193 194 \citep{2008SPIE.7014E..0DO}. The active, usable pixels cover $\sim 194 195 80$\% of the FOV. … … 213 214 the data is used for the purpose of this article. 214 215 215 The data processing steps are described in detail by Waters REF and216 Magnier REF. In summary, individual images are detrended: 217 non-linearity and bias corrections are applied, a dark current model 218 is subtracted and flat-field corrections are applied. The \yps-band 219 images are also corrected for fringing: a master fringe pattern is 220 scaled to match the observed fringing and subtracted. Mask and 221 variance image arrays are generated with the detrend analysis and216 The data processing steps are described in detail by \cite{waters2017} 217 and \cite{magnier2017a,magnier2017b}. In summary, individual images 218 are detrended: non-linearity and bias corrections are applied, a dark 219 current model is subtracted and flat-field corrections are applied. 220 The \yps-band images are also corrected for fringing: a master fringe 221 pattern is scaled to match the observed fringing and subtracted. Mask 222 and variance image arrays are generated with the detrend analysis and 222 223 carried forward at each stage of the IPP processing. Source detection 223 224 and photometry are performed for each chip independently. As … … 241 242 Astronomical objects are detected and characterized in the stacks 242 243 images. The details of the analysis of the sources in the stack 243 images are discussed in Magnier et al REF, but in brief these include244 images are discussed in \cite{magnier2017b}, but in brief these include 244 245 PSF photometry, along with a range of measurements driven by the goals 245 246 of understanding the galaxies in the images. Because of the … … 264 265 fluxes from the individual warp images are averaged, a reliable 265 266 measurement of the faint source flux is determined. The details of 266 this analysis are described in detail in Magnier et al REF. 267 this analysis are described in detail in Magnier et al 268 \cite{magnier2017b}. 267 269 268 270 In this article, we discuss the photometric calibration of the … … 278 280 Three somewhat distinct astrometric models are employed within the IPP 279 281 at different stages. The simplest model is defined independently for 280 each chip: a simple TAN projection (Calabretta \& Griesen REF) is used281 to relate sky coordinates to a cartesian tangent-plane coordinate 282 system. A pair of low-order282 each chip: a simple TAN projection as described by 283 \cite{2002AA...395.1077C} is used to relate sky coordinates to a 284 cartesian tangent-plane coordinate system. A pair of low-order 283 285 polynomials are used to relate the chip pixel coordinates to this 284 286 tangent-plane coordinate system. The transforming polynomials are of … … 596 598 597 599 The photometric calibration of the DVO database starts with the 598 ``ubercal'' analysis technique as described by \cite{2012ApJ...756..158S}. 599 This analysis is performed by the group at Harvard, loading data from 600 the \code{smf} files into their instance of the Large Scale Database 601 (LSD, Juric REF), a system similar to DVO used to manage the 602 detections and determine the calibrations. 600 ``ubercal'' analysis technique as described by 601 \cite{2012ApJ...756..158S}. This analysis is performed by the group 602 at Harvard, loading data from the \code{smf} files into their instance 603 of the Large Scale Database \citep[LSD,][]{2011AAS...21743319J}, a 604 system similar to DVO used to manage the detections and determine the 605 calibrations. 603 606 604 607 Photometric nights are selected and all other exposures are ignored. … … 648 651 field to match the photometry measured by \cite{2012ApJ...750...99T} 649 652 on the reference photometric night of MJD 55744 (UT 02 July 2011). 650 \cite{2015ApJ...815..117S} have re-examined the photometry of Calspec 651 standards as observed by PS1. They reject 2 of the 5 stars used by 652 \cite{2012ApJ...750...99T} and add photometry of 2 additional stars. 653 \cite{2014ApJ...795...45S} and \cite{2015ApJ...815..117S} have 654 re-examined the photometry of Calspec standards \citep{Bohlin.1996} as 655 observed by PS1. \cite{2014ApJ...795...45S} reject 2 of the 7 stars 656 used by \cite{2012ApJ...750...99T} and add photometry of 5 additional 657 stars. \cite{2015ApJ...815..117S} further reject measurements of 658 Calspec standards obtained close to the center of the camera field of 659 view where the PSF size and shape changes very rapidly. The result of 660 this analysis modifies the over system zero points by 20 - 35 661 millimags compared with the system determined by 662 \cite{2012ApJ...756..158S}. 653 663 654 664 %% \note{The calspec spectrophotometry values have also been re-examined … … 656 666 %% determine new zero points for the PS1 system, which we have applied 657 667 %% (see below).} 668 669 % http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/117/pdf 658 670 659 671 \subsection{Applying the Ubercal Zero Points : Setphot} … … 679 691 filter. These static values are listed in Table~\ref{tab:zpts}. When 680 692 \code{setphot} was run, these static zero points have been adjusted by 681 the calspec offsets listed in Table~\ref{tab:zpts} based on the682 analysis of C ALSPEC standards by Scolnic et al REF. These offsets683 bring the photometric system defined by the ubercal analysis into 684 alignment with the Scolnic analysis of the PS1 observations of XXX 685 calspec standard stars. The value $M_{cal}$ is the offset needed by 686 each exposure to match the ubercal value, or to bring the non-ubercal 687 exposures into agreement with the rest of the exposures, as discussed688 below. The flat-field information is encoded in a table of flat-field689 offsets as a function of time, filter, and camera position. Each 690 image which is part of the ubercal subset is marked with a bit in the 691 field \code{Image.flags}:\code{ID_IMAGE_PHOTOM_UBERCAL = 0x00000200}693 the Calspec offsets listed in Table~\ref{tab:zpts} based on the 694 analysis of Calspec standards by \cite{2015ApJ...815..117S}. These 695 offsets bring the photometric system defined by the ubercal analysis 696 into alignment with \cite{2015ApJ...815..117S}. The value $M_{cal}$ 697 is the offset needed by each exposure to match the ubercal value, or 698 to bring the non-ubercal exposures into agreement with the rest of the 699 exposures, as discussed below. The flat-field information is encoded 700 in a table of flat-field offsets as a function of time, filter, and 701 camera position. Each image which is part of the ubercal subset is 702 marked with a bit in the field \code{Image.flags}: 703 \code{ID_IMAGE_PHOTOM_UBERCAL = 0x00000200} 692 704 693 705 %% \note{give airmass formula for completeness?}. … … 737 749 738 750 Relative photometry is used to determine the zero points of the 739 exposures which were not included in the ubercal analysis. The relative photometry analysis has been desribed in the 740 past in Magnier et al 2013 REF. We review that analysis here, along 741 with specific updates for PV3. 751 exposures which were not included in the ubercal analysis. The 752 relative photometry analysis has been described in the past by 753 \cite{2013ApJS..205...20M}. We review that analysis here, along with 754 specific updates for PV3. 742 755 743 756 As described above, the instrumental magnitude and the calibrated magnitude … … 1286 1299 1287 1300 \bibliographystyle{apj} 1288 %\bibliography{lib}{}1289 \input{calibration.bbl}1301 \bibliography{lib}{} 1302 %\input{calibration.bbl} 1290 1303 1291 1304 \end{document}
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